Summary
This report explores how voluntary sustainability standards (VSSs) are being integrated into trade policy instruments and asks what conditions are needed for them to effectively support sustainable trade. Drawing on examples from existing policies, it examines the varied ways in which governments reference VSSs in tools such as due diligence laws, free trade agreements, and procurement strategies. The analysis considers differences in VSS scope, governance, and assurance systems, and is informed by collaboration between IISD and ISEAL. Findings indicate that while VSSs are gaining prominence in trade policy, inconsistent application and a lack of clarity around their credibility limit their effectiveness. To address this, the report recommends the development of well-defined credibility criteria, alongside targeted capacity building and financial support, particularly for producers and governments in low- and middle-income countries.