摘要
This is a baseline study of 6 cocoa projects where UTZ and Solidaridad cocoa programme has been implemented in Ghana. It explored the impact of UTZ and Solidaridad on farmers' knowledge, practice and the subsequent social, economic and environmental outcomes as well as the benefit of certification beyond training. The study shows that there is a positive association with participating in the project and knowledge levels when new participants are compared to older ones. However, no relationship was found at a baseline level with participation in the programme and productivity, farm efficiency and income from cocoa.